Interview Question in ic circuits |
|
|
|
digital circuit, digital circuit design, digital integrated circuit, digital circuit logic, digital electronic circuits, digital circuit simulation, digital clock circuits, digital circuit detective, digital circuit testing, adder digital circuit, digital vlsi circuits, digital inverter circuit, digital design, digital logic, digital level, digital cmos, logic circuit, digital ic, digital ttl, digital layout, digital schematic, gate circuit, tutorial circuit, digital inputs, digital switching, digital multiplexer, digital circuitry, digital vlsi
|
|
|
|
|
1) As more resistors are added in parallel to a constant voltage source, the power supplied by the source will
a)increase
b)decrease
c)does not vary
d)may increase or decrease depending on the value of the resistors..
if anyone knows can u please explain as well since i have a quiz on this.
2)The current in a single loop circuit that has a reistance R is 3.4A. The current is reduced to 3.1 A when an additional resistance of 4ohm is added in series with R. What is the value of R?
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I know that it is Cosine of Angle between Voltage & Current. But I want to know its significance.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
stuff like KVL, KCL, voltage dividers, currents dividers, etc. im looking for one that actually 'expains' wat is going on...many thanks
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Made VTs obsolete in most applications save for such things as x-ray generators, cathode ray tubes( mostly on the way out), high power radio transmission, certain uses involving microwaves (including most readily available ovens), and audio frequency power amplifiers for a certain class of audiophiles.
|
|
|
|
|
|
TTL (Transistor-Transistor Logic) is a name for type of logic circuits which are constructed using the bipolar transistors.
In general the bipolar transistors such as the NPN and PNP transistors are current operated devices. In these types of transistors, when used for digital logic circuits, typically the input voltage is applied across the Base-Emitter junction. As a result of this a small base current is produced in that junction. This small base current is magnified by the transistor's current gain factor B(called Beta), resulting in a large amount of collector-emitter current. This is basiclly how a TTL switch works.
The TTL family of circuits are generally very fast, but this speed comes at the cost of higher power dissipation. Also, a typical TTL logic gate circuit requires multiple transistors and other passive components such as resistors. This results in lower number of gates that can be put on an IC built using TTL family.
The CMOS(Complimentary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) family of logic circuits are buit using Metal Oxide Semiconductor(MOS) Field Effect Transistors (FET). These types of transistors are voltage operated devices. A typical CMOS logic gate circuit can be constructed using as little as two MOSFET transistors (A CMOS Inverter) resulting in a much higher density of logic gates that can be put on an IC.
Also, CMOS gates use much much lower power to operate compared to the TTL gates because no resistors are required to build such circuits.
CMOS logic also allows much higher operating voltages compared to the TTL family.
One drawback of CMOS family is that they are slower than the TTL family, however these days this may no longer be true.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Does someone have a good webiste that explains how to get the norton and thevanin equivalents in a circuit path. I am dealing with basic circuits, I.e. just voltage sources current sources and resistors. I know about 50 percent of how to do it.
I know that Thevanin is the voltage with the resistor and Norton is the current. I know they both work together like you can take the voltage and resistor in thevanin to get the current to put into Norton. I also know series and parallel.
I am just having a hard time knowing which one you short the voltage sources and open the current sources or if its both, and to get the end result.
|
|
|
|
|
|
The superposition theorem for electric circuits states that the total current in any branch of a linear circuit equals the algebraic sum of the currents produced by each source acting separately throughout the circuit.
To ascertain the contribution of each individual source, all of the other sources must first be "killed" by:
replacing all other voltage sources with a short circuit (thereby eliminating difference of potential)
replacing all other current sources with an open circuit (thereby eliminating flow of current)
This procedure is followed for each source in turn, then the resultant currents are added to determine the true operation of the circuit. The resultant circuit operation is the superposition of the various voltage and current sources.
|
|
|
|
|
|
How do metals become a superconductor?
What are the benefits of:
loss-free power transmission
and
super-fast electronic circuits
|
|
|
|
|
|
Also,
what are the benefits of super-fast electronic circuits
and powerful electromagnets.
And,
what are the drawbacks of superconductors?
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
does anyone here know a site where i could find circuit diagrams that uses 4 op-amps? most of the schematics i found only uses 1-3 op-amps. i prefer those projects that have LEDs in them. they're more fun to make. hehehehe
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
What are the 2 main source of noise? and how could each be handled?
|
|
|
|
|
|
Multiplexers and demultiplexers are simply combination logic circuits in a chip (AND, OR and NOT gates) . Microtechnology and nanotechnology are essensially the same thing except the size and procedure on how they are made. But the idea is the same. As far as I know logic gates have not been developed yet in nanotechnology.
Hope it helps.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Recently, I have taken a liking to building simple electronic circuits using component parts (resistors, capacitors, transistors, IC's, diodes, etc.) and such found at Radio Shack. I have, however, become more skillful, and have moved on to more complex circuits. I am not able to find a lot of the parts that I need (more specifically, a lot of the IC (Integrated Circuits) and similar parts) at Radio Shack. What I am asking is basically this: Does anyone know any online stores where I can buy these types of parts, preferably at a cheap price?
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hey here you go there are two methods of doing it :
1. Doing it on an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit)
this is like you have an idea which you formulate into core electronic circuits like suppose you have a NAND gate IC you want to make you have to actually realize it by use of transistors
(Core of any IC got to be transistor exceptions are resistors and inductors these have to be take seperately small capacitances are managable via semiconductor). Now which looks like the one in the figure
http://www.ibiblio.org/kuphaldt/electric...
so when you have such a layout level design you take it to the fabrication units. Mind you the power management issues are real important as ASIC is costly you cannot compromise on your layout level designs. Then they give you an IC.
How is an IC made:
They take Silicon (derived from SiO2 sand come on) and then clean it with acids. These are done at very highly clean environments and you can't afford the tiniest of contamination there as it can damage the entire product. Now do you know that a transistor is made of sandwitching Ntype and Ptype semiconducting materials. so NPN and PNP. I hope you know what transistors are and stuff. After taking a bare silicon disk i was speaking of silicon isolation right from there i get these disks. So one of those disks are taken and they are subjected to an electron gun (more technically an ion ray machine) and then dope it to a particular material say p or ntye by taking boron and phosphorous and hence obtain these p type materials or the other. I assume you know what a mosfet is(its a transistor type). The disk (mostly Ptype) is taken and is cleaned with acids after that they deposit silicon dioxide on places they don't want the next level of ion deposition to happen(yes it repeats) this deposition is done crudely first and then there is this method called PHOTO LITHOGRAPHY whch more or less is like cuttng off the sio2 at unwanted layers and then this disk is sent again for ion ray shooting and then we get a IC (partial one) after this they fill it with aluminium studs for the connectivity and then this is packaged into plastic packaging and soon we get an IC.
Here too as my friend suggested the top layer design is done in VHDL or VERILOG and the engineers work hard to get them down to these transistor layer designs. There are lots of tools which assist in design part etc.,
2. Method as my friend suggested is by use of FPGAs which will not result in an IC but does result in a solution that is cheap initially we actually compromise on speed power area and reliability but on bulk production first method is cheaper. Other such devices are PLAs PALs and CPLDS CPLD and FPGAs are popular due to thier logic sizes and FPGA is the best among the two. Funny part is FPGAs are also from ASIC manifacturing but have programmability allowance. Its like cousin of Microcontrollers and processors but the only difference is these are concurrent devices not sequential.
|
|
|
|
|
|
As the title explains I would like to learn basically what a sophomore/junior level EE student would learn. I'm looking for the practical side of circuitry, and less towards the theory. Obviously you need theory to understand practical and vice vursa, but I would like to actually be able to make basic circuits not just understand how they work. I'm a sophomore chemical engineering student and I've taken Physics Electricity and magnetics so I understand ac, dc, R,C, L Circuits. Also, is there any book or site that has different chips and what they do etc?
The last thing is I want the book to be cheap...
These are 2 I've found through amazon that people seemed to like. Anyone used these?
Teach Yourself Electricity and Electronics, Fourth Edition (Teach Yourself) - Stan Gibilisco; Paperback
A Practical Introduction to Electronic Circuits - Martin Hartley Jones; Paperback
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I'm designing electric circuits using OrCad, I place any parts I need, but I can't find the DC Voltage; I'de be grateful if someone helps me with this. Thanks in advance.
|
|
|
|
|
|
plz name the electronic circuit components used in electronic circuits....
and the power supply needed to them
that means whether AC od dc
thnx
|
|
|
|
|
|
Could anyone suggest a good reference book for understanding the basic fundamentals of electrical and electronic engineering?
The topics that should be covered are DC circuits, work power and energy, capacitor, magnetic circuits, electromagnetic induction, single phase AC circuits, poly phase circuits, domestic wiring, semiconductor devices
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The only thing that I understand about capacitors is that they are an open circuit in DC and they have impedance in AC circuits. I just don't understand the purpose of a capacitor. I know that it charges and discharges and provides a time constant when included with a resistor. Please explain the purpose of a capacitor, when included in circuits using transistors and diodes
|
|
|
|
|